Dr. Chris Thompson, Harvard's Chief of Interventional Gastroenterology, reveals how the gut regulates hunger, weight loss, and metabolic health—and explains cutting-edge endoscopic procedures, GLP-1 mechanisms, and gene therapy approaches that could transform obesity treatment without requiring lifelong medications. Your gut produces multiple hunger and satiety hormones (ghrelin, GLP-1, CCK, PYY) that can be targeted independently; combining treatments that address different mechanisms yields better outcomes than high-dose single drugs.